Glossary · Definition · v2026.3
What Is Sperm Preparation?
Sperm preparation is the laboratory process used to isolate healthy sperm cells before fertilization.
How Sperm Preparation Works
After a semen sample is collected, the laboratory processes it to separate motile, healthy sperm from seminal fluid, dead cells, and debris. Common techniques include density gradient centrifugation and swim-up methods. The resulting sample contains a concentrated population of the most viable sperm for use in IVF or ICSI.
Why It Matters
Sperm preparation improves fertilization rates by selecting the healthiest sperm and removing substances in seminal fluid that can interfere with fertilization. The quality and quantity of sperm after preparation determines whether conventional insemination or ICSI is recommended. In cases of severe male factor infertility, surgical sperm retrieval techniques may be used before preparation.
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This content defines terminology for educational orientation. It does not constitute medical advice.
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