Glossary · Definition · v2026.3
Fertility Preservation
Fertility preservation is the cryopreservation of gametes or embryos for future reproductive use. Common indications include cancer treatment, elective age-related preservation, and medical conditions that may impair future fertility.
Methods of Preservation
Oocyte cryopreservation (egg freezing) involves ovarian stimulation and egg retrieval followed by vitrification. Embryo cryopreservation requires fertilization before freezing. Sperm cryopreservation is simpler and can be performed from ejaculated or surgically retrieved samples. Ovarian tissue cryopreservation is an emerging technique used primarily in pediatric oncology.
Biological Constraints
Oocyte survival rates after vitrification are approximately 85 to 95 percent depending on laboratory quality and patient age at freezing. Eggs frozen at younger ages have higher chromosomal competence when thawed. The optimal window for elective egg freezing is before age 35. Success rates with frozen eggs decline significantly when eggs are frozen after 38.
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This content defines terminology for educational orientation. It does not constitute medical advice.
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